BBAU makes biodegradable plastic from cow dung

A research team at Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (BBAU), Lucknow, has developed a biodegradable plastic derived from cow dung that can fully decompose in soil within about 50 days, marking a potential step forward in tackling plastic pollution.

The study, led by microbiologist Ravi Kumar Gupta along with PhD scholar Deshraj Deepak Kapoor, focuses on producing Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), a type of bioplastic, using a newly identified bacterium isolated from a waste dumping site. By combining microbial processes with agricultural and animal waste, particularly cow dung, the researchers have created a material that is both durable in use and environmentally sustainable.

According to the university, the innovation addresses a key limitation of existing bioplastics—high production costs. By using readily available waste materials as feedstock, the new method significantly reduces manufacturing expenses, making it more viable for large-scale and local adoption.

One of the standout features of the material is its rapid biodegradability. Unlike conventional plastics, which can persist in the environment for hundreds of years, the PHB-based product breaks down completely in soil in under two months, the researchers said.

The findings, published in the international journal Bioresource Technology Reports, highlight the project’s relevance in advancing the “waste-to-wealth” approach and promoting a circular bioeconomy. By linking urban waste-derived bacteria with rural biomass resources, the research demonstrates an integrated model for sustainable material production.

Vice-Chancellor Prof. Raj Kumar Mittal lauded the team’s achievement, calling it a significant contribution to environmental protection and a matter of pride for the university.